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Biotechnologically Evolved Rice (Orzya Sativa) Crop

By Mrs. Farzana Panhwar (2005).

 

Abstract

Rice is a stape food for 2.4 billion people in the world. Rice contains essential amino acids lysine and theonine. It also contains iron and calcium but it is not available due to presence of phytic acid. Thiamine content depends upon the polishing of rice.

The scientist throughout the world working genetically to develop rice varieties having pest, fungus, herbicide, disease, stress, viral resistance, male sterility, altered photosynthesis and flowering, increase growth and yield better nutritional qualities like starch content, protein and oil contents, resistant to various diseases and under adverse condition like water-logging and salinity.

For future rice production we have to:

- Increase the area under high yielding rice varieties.

- To recommend only right kind of rice varieties, according to climate, soil and nutritional value.

- To grow genetically crop under stick recommended management of weeding, hoeing, irrigation, fertilising and harvesting.

Future work on symptomatology, aetiology, morphological, physiological variation of the pathogen, pathogenic variability, types of varietal resistance, techniques of resistance, biochemical and anatomical traits of varieties in relation to resistance, genetics of resistance, methods and strategies in breeding for resistance to various rice varieties under various environmental conditions need to be studied.

 

Introduction

Rice (Oryza Sativa) is a cereal grain. Is the major food stuff of Asia. About 8% of the total energy provided by rice. It is protein of good quality, with net dietary protein (NPU) value of about 65. Rice contains essential amino acid lysine and theonine. Although rice contain calcium and iron but it is not available due to presence of phytic acid. Thiamine content of rice depend upon the degree of milling like rice only husk removed contain 250 mg of thiamine/100 grams, on polish of rice remove half of the thiamine when rice polish 3 time, like rice available in the market contain 70 mg which is 1/3rd of original thiamine.

In Pakistan, the top five varieties occupy 80% of the total area. In the year 1994-95 the area under rice production was 2,124,600 hectares while in Sindh it was 598,300 hectares. The rice production in Pakistan was 3,446,500 tonnes while in Sindh it was 1,406,700 tonnes. For the same year the yield of rice per hectare was 1,622 kgs while in Sindh was 2,351 kgs.



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Biotechnologically Evolved Rice (Orzya Sativa) Crop.

More research papers: see Farzana Panhwar.

 


Last update: 04 october 2022



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